Friday, October 7, 2011

The Story of Creation (16 – A): Human Birth Miracles in the Holy Quran


Index

1-    Androgen (Male Hormone)
2-    Spermatogenesis (Sperms duplication)
3-    Creation from One Sperm
4-    Sperm’s Type (Male & Female)
5-    Sperms Storage
6-    Sperm’s Journey
7-    Sperms & Egg Colors
8-    Sperm Carrying Chromosomes  
9-    The Source of Sperms’ Chromosomes
10- Multiple values of same attribute in DNA
11- Male & Female Chromosomes
12- Y-Chromosome Marker
13- Boy or Girl, how it’s decided?
14- Families of all Sons or all Daughters


1-    Androgen (Male Hormone)

[Science]

Quoted from: Adrenal Glands:

In mammals, the adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are endocrine glands that sit atop the kidneys; in humans, the right suprarenal gland is triangular shaped, while the left suprarenal gland is semilunar shaped. They are chiefly responsible for releasing hormones in response to stress through the synthesis of corticosteroids such as cortisol and catecholamines such as epinephrine. The adrenal glands affect kidney function through the secretion of aldosterone, a hormone involved in regulating the osmolarity of blood plasma. [1]

Quoted from: Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex


The third group of steroids secreted by the adrenal cortex is the gonadocorticoids, or sex hormones. These are secreted by the innermost region. Male hormones, androgens, and female hormones, estrogens, are secreted in minimal amounts in both sexes by the adrenal cortex, but their effect is usually masked by the hormones from the testes and ovaries. [2]

Quoted from: Androgen effects

The androgens function as paracrine hormones required by the Sertoli cells in order to support sperm production. They are also required for masculinization of the developing male fetus. Under the influence of androgens, remnants of the mesonephron, the Wolffian ducts, develop into the epididymis, vas deferens and seminal vesicles. This action of androgens is supported by a hormone from Sertoli cells, MIH (Müllerian inhibitory hormone), which prevents the embryonic Müllerian ducts from developing into fallopian tubes and other female reproductive tract tissues in male embryos. MIH and androgens cooperate to allow for the normal movement of testes into the scrotum. [3]

[Quran]

We understand from above that adrenal glands which are situated above the kidneys are responsible for producing Male Hormones, especially Androgen, which is a main factor to produce the Sperms in testes.

Let’s read the following verse:

فَلْيَنظُرِ الإِنسَانُ مِمَّ خُلِقَ  (5)  خُلِقَ مِن مَّاء دَافِقٍ (6)  يَخْرُجُ مِن بَيْنِ الصُّلْبِ وَالتَّرَائِبِ (7)

So let man see from what he is created! (5) He is created from a water gushing forth, (6) Proceeding from between the back-bone and the ribs, (86:7)

The meaning that let the human see from what he is created, from flowing water (means Semen, sperms), proceed or pushed from in between back-bone and the ribs, which is the location of the Kidneys in the body exactly. As shown in the below figure:



Of course, Kidneys that are carrying adrenal glands which they are responsible for Male Harmon that cause the formation of Semen and pushing it out, and this what the above verse is referring to.


2-    Spermatogenesis (Sperms duplication)

[Science]

Quoted from: The process of spermatogenesis is divided into the following phases:
  1. Multiplication phase
  2. Growth phase
  3. Maturation phase
  4. Metamorphosis of spermatid
Multiplication phase also known as Spermatocytogenesis. The sperm mother cells present in the germinal epithelium of the seminiferous tubules divide repeatedly by mitosis to form large number of diploid rounded sperm mother cells which are called as spermatogonia. Some of these sex cells move towards the lumen of seminiferous tubules and enter the growth phase. These cells are called primary spermatocytes. The primary spermatocytes are diploid and contain (44 + XY) chromosomes. [4]


[Quran]

Let’s read the following verses: 
أَلَمْ يَكُ نُطْفَةً مِّن مَّنِيٍّ يُمْنَى  (37)
Was he not a Nutfah (Sperm) of semen emitted (Youmna)? (75:37)

Talking about the Sperms [Nutfa] which are the drops of Semen that were emitted, but the word used is “Youmna” which came originally from the word “Youmn” which means “Al-Baraka: blessing”, that means “the increase and growth” as the following: 

اليُمْنُ: البَركةُ. يقال: يُمِنَ، فهو مَيْمُونٌ، ويَمَنَهُم فهو يامِنٌ. البَرَكة: النَّماء والزيادة.

This gives indication to the stages that sperms pass through:

1st Stage: Sperms Multiplication = The Increase.
2nd Stage: The growth.


3-    Creation from One Sperm

[Quran]

We all know that human is created from one sperm only, the same is mentioned in Quran naming it as single “Nutfa” which is literally means the smallest drop of water:

انا خلقنا الانسان من نطفة امشاج نبتليه فجعلناه سميعا بصيرا (2)

Verily, We have created man from Nutfah (One drop) of mixed semen, in order to try him, so We made him hearer and seer. (76:2)

مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ (18) مِن نُّطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ فَقَدَّرَهُ (19)

From what thing did He create him? (18) From Nutfah He created him, and then set him in due proportion; (80:18-19)

أَلَمْ يَكُ نُطْفَةً مِّن مَّنِيٍّ يُمْنَى  (37)
Was he not a Nutfah (Sperm) of semen emitted (Youmna)? (75:37)


4-    Sperm’s Type (Male & Female)

Quoted from: X-Sperm Make Girls, Y-Sperm Make Boys

Life begins at the moment of conception, when an egg and sperm unite. There are two kinds of sperm: X and Y. If a X-sperm fertilizes the egg, a baby girl is conceived; if a Y-sperm does the job, a baby boy is conceived. Semen contains virtually equal numbers of X and Y sperm -- yes, even fathers of all boys or all girls have both X and Y sperm [5] [6].

[Quran]

ALLAH mentions clearly that he created pairs: Male and Female from the “nurfah” Sperm:

وَأَنَّهُ خَلَقَ الزَّوْجَيْنِ الذَّكَرَ وَالأُنثَى  (45) مِن نُّطْفَةٍ إِذَا تُمْنَى (46)

And that He (Allâh) creates the pairs, male and female. (45) From Nutfah (drop of Semen) when it is emitted. (53: 46)

ALLAH explains the gender of child whether male or female comes early from the sperm (nutfa), and this to refute the ancient bad traditions that put the responsibility of child gender on the Mother’s account, and to show them that “sperm” is the responsible one which comes from man, of course.


5-    Sperms Storage

[Science]

Quoted from: Male Reproductive system:

Inside each testis is a network of fine-diameter tubes called seminiferous tubules. Sertoli cells form the walls of a seminiferous tubule. Sertoli cells nourish, support, and protect developing germ cells, which undergo cell division by meiosis to form spermatozoa (immature sperm). During spermatogenesis, germ cells begin near the wall of a seminiferous tubule, and after division they are shed into the tubule. Proteins produced by Sertoli cells are required for spermatogenesis, as is testosterone [7].


[Quran]

As explained above there is a storage place for the sperms inside testes which is called seminiferous tubule that stores the sperms for a period of weeks [8].

This fact is mentioned in the following verse:
وهو الذي انشاكم من نفس واحدة فمستقر ومستودع قد فصلنا الايات لقوم يفقهون                             

It is He Who has created you from a single person (Adam), and has given you a place of residing (on the earth or in your mother's wombs) and a place of storage [in the earth (in your graves) or in your father's loins]. Indeed, We have explained in detail Our revelations (this Qur'ân) for people who understand. (6:98)


6-    Sperm’s Journey

[Science]

Quoted from: How sperm find their way?

he life of a sea urchin sperm is a difficult one. Once ejaculated, the cells have to navigate turbulent seas, with their eddies and currents, to fertilise a sea urchin egg. So how do they know where to go? They follow their chemical ‘noses’, so to speak.
It’s all down to the process of chemotaxis: following the concentration gradient of a molecule, known as a chemoattractant.

In the sperm’s case, they orientate themselves by following the trail of a chemoattractant produced by the egg: the higher the concentration of the molecule, the closer they are to their goal. [9]

Quoted from: How Human Reproduction Works?

The lucky few sperm who reached the egg in the Fallopian tube surround it and begin competing for entrance. The head of each sperm, the acrosome, releases enzymes that begin to break down the outer, jelly-like layer of the egg's membrane, trying to penetrate the egg. Once a single sperm has penetrated, the cell membrane of the egg changes its electrical characteristics. This electrical signal causes small sacs just beneath the membrane (cortical granules) to dump their contents into the space surrounding the egg. The contents swell, pushing the other sperm far away from the egg in a process called cortical reaction. The cortical reaction ensures that only one sperm fertilizes the egg. The other sperm die within 48 hours. [10]

Quoted from: What is early pregnancy failure?

Early pregnancy failure (also known as blighted ovum or anembryonic gestation) is a common cause of miscarriage. It happens when a fertilized egg implants in the uterus but the resulting embryo either stops developing very early or doesn't form at all. If you have an early pregnancy failure, you may not find out about it until the end of your first trimester. [11]

[Quran]

In the above scientific explanation and as shown in the next image [12]:

  1. The egg emits certain chemicals that guide the sperms to find their way to the egg.
  2. Then when a sperm reaches the egg, it throws its nucleus inside the egg, and the sperm eventually die.
  3. The fertilized egg could survive and start developing or it could die and what is called early pregnancy failure.

Now, let’s read the following verses:

مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقَهُ (18) مِن نُّطْفَةٍ خَلَقَهُ فَقَدَّرَهُ (19) ثُمَّ السَّبِيلَ يَسَّرَهُ (20) ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ فَأَقْبَرَهُ (21) ثُمَّ إِذَا شَاء أَنشَرَهُ (22)

From what thing did He create him? (18) From Nutfah (male and female semen drops) He created him, and then set him in due proportion; (19) Then He makes the Path easy for him; (20) Then He causes him to die, and puts him in his grave (buried him); (21) Then, when it is His Will, He will resurrect him (again) He makes it strong (80:18-22)

Some may say it’s talking about the “Human” not the sperm, but if we compare them with Sperm life it matches perfectly:

Verse 19: Human is created from a “Nutfah” , which means a single drop of semen, i.e. one Sperm only.

Verse 20: Then the path make it easy for him !!, Muslim Scholars thought it may means that is the way when the baby is delivered from his mother uterus, but the verse clearly saying that the way is making easy for him, in delivery, it’s not the way that is guiding the baby out but the uterus is pushing him out, but for sperms, it matches perfectly as the chemical path, caused by the egg, is really guiding the sperm and making it easy for him to reach the egg.

Verse 21: Causing him to die and buried him, it may match human’s end of life, but also the sperm when it reaches the egg, it buries it’s nucleus inside the egg, then it dies outside the egg, as shown in next image.

Verse 22: Then, when it is His Will, He makes it strong (Ansharah), some explained that work “Ansharah” as resurrect him again, although it means too “to make it strong”, and this matches that the new fertilized egg may grow and may not and cause early pregnancy failure.
والذي في النهاية والمصباح: الا ما أنشر العظم وأنبت اللحم- أَي شدّه وقوّاه

Verses 23-32: talking about human work in life and his food creation too.

Verses 33-42: talking about the Day of resurrection.

Therefore, it’s highly possible that verses 19-22 are talking about Human development and not his life and death, as it will come in further verses again.



7-    Sperms & Egg Colors

[Science]

Quoted from: Fertilisation. Coloured scanning electron micro- graph (SEM) of sperm on the surface of a human egg (ovum) during fertilisation. The egg has a furry surface (brown). The sperm (coloured yellow) attached to it are hair-like structures; each sperm has a head, neck, and a long tail. Here they are attempting to penetrate the thick surface of the egg that attracts the sperm and enables them to attach. The human female usually produces a single large egg, and only one of the millions of male sperm released may penetrate the egg to fuse with the egg nucleus. Once fertilised, the egg begins its process of growth into a human embryo. [13] [14]

[Quran]

As shown in the above images the Sperms has white color as in second photo and the egg is red, now let’s read the following verse:
انا خلقنا الانسان من نطفة امشاج نبتليه فجعلناه سميعا بصيرا

Verily, We have created man from Nutfah (drop) of mixed semen (Amshajan), in order to try him, so We made him hearer and seer. (76:2)

ALLAH describes that human is created from mixed Semen described as Amshajan, which as explained below
المَشْجُ والمَشِجُ والمشَجُ والمَشِيجُ: كل لَوْنينِ اخْتلَطا، وقيل: هو ما اختلط من حمرة وبياض

“Amshajan” means every 2 colors mixed together especially if they are “White and Red”, and this exactly describe the status of woman egg when it’s surrounded by man sperms, 2 colors white and red.


8-    Sperms carrying Chromosomes

Quoted from: Chromatin and Chromosomes

Packed inside the nucleus of every human cell is nearly 6 feet of DNA, which is subdivided into 46 individual molecules, one for each chromosome and each about 1.5 inches long. Collecting all this material into a microscopic cell nucleus is an extraordinary feat of packaging. For DNA to function when necessary, it can't be haphazardly crammed into the nucleus or simply wound up like a ball of string. Consequently, during interphase, DNA is combined with proteins and organized into a precise, compact structure, a dense string-like fiber called chromatin, which condenses even further into chromosomes during cell division.

The Structure of Chromatin and Chromosomes




Each DNA strand wraps around groups of small protein molecules called histones, forming a series of bead-like structures, called nucleosomes, connected by the DNA strand (as illustrated in Figure 1). Under the microscope, uncondensed chromatin has a "beads on a string" appearance. The string of nucleosomes, already compacted by a factor of six, is then coiled into an even denser structure known as a solenoid that compacts the DNA by a factor of 40. The solenoid structure then coils to form a hollow tube. This complex compression and structuring of DNA serves several functions. The overall negative charge of the DNA is neutralized by the positive charge of the histone molecules, the DNA takes up much less space, and inactive DNA can be folded into inaccessible locations until it is needed. [15]

Quoted from: Chromosomes: Your Genetic Blueprint

All of your body's cells contain chromosomes, which are packages of DNA strands; DNA holds the map of your genes. If you're a human, 46 is the magic number: we have 46 chromosomes, in 23 matched pairs. One chromosome in each pair was contributed by your father, and one by your mother. Every cell in your body contains your complete genetic blueprint, or your genome, in the 46 chromosomes in its nucleus. [16]

[Quran]

In a miraculous verse in the Quran, Allah says:
ثم جعل نسله من سلالة من ماء مهين

Then He made his offspring from semen (Sulalah) of despised water [32:8]

Actually the correct English translation must be as following:

Then He made his offspring from “Sulalah” of despised water (Semen)
And Sulalah in Arabic comes from “Ensal” in Arabic, which means the thing is extracted or taken out from other thing, such as taken out the sword from its sheath (cover).

 والسُّلالةُ ما انْسَلَّ من الشيء.

And “Sulalah” has the same root (S-L) of the word “Selsela” which means series, chain, string.
Both meanings match perfectly the Chromosomes, as it’s extracted from inside the cell nucleus and it’s a coil or series of proteins strings that carry  human genes, so the correct explanation of the above verse:

Made His offspring (i.e. Human) from a Chain (Chromosomes, comes) from despised water (Semen, Sperms).
Which nicely represented in the following image from science photos [17].



9-    The Source of Sperms’ Chromosomes

Quoted from: How Blood Works?

All blood cells are produced in the bone marrow. As children, most of our bones produce blood. As we age this gradually diminishes to just the bones of the spine (vertebrae), breastbone (sternum), ribs, pelvis and small parts of the upper arm and leg. Bone marrow that actively produces blood cells is called red marrow, and bone marrow that no longer produces blood cells is called yellow marrow. [18]

Quoted from: b. Functions of the blood-testis barrier.

Three main functions are ascribed to the blood-testis barrier. The blood-testis barrier: 

1) Creates a specialized environment; 2) regulates the passage of molecules; and 3) serves as an immunological barrier

First, the blood-testis barrier contributes directly to the complex structural organization of the testis by creating a specialized environment necessary for germ cell development and movement. As such, Sertoli cells are obliged to synthesize, secrete, and efficiently deliver products that are essential for the growth and differentiation of developing germ cells.

Tight junctions that constitute the blood-testis barrier also regulate the movement of products, such as nutrients and wastes, both into and out of the seminiferous epithelium.

The third main function of the blood-testis barrier is to create an immunological barrier, ensuring that the organism’s immune system does not recognize unique antigens present on the cell surfaces of haploid germ cells.

c. Regulation of the blood-testis barrier.

The blood-testis barrier is one of the tightest barriers in the mammalian body comparable to the blood-brain barrier, and tight junction barriers in the endothelium of blood vessels and the epidermis. However, the blood-testis barrier is different in that it must open periodically to accommodate the passage of germ cells during spermatogenesis. For instance, developing preleptotene/leptotene spermatocytes must traverse the blood-testis barrier, which is known to take place in late stage VIII–early IX of the epithelial cycle. [19]

[Quran]

Looking on the whole sequence, we find the following:
  1. Bones marrows produce blood cells (Red, White, platelets).
  2. Blood is supplied inside the testes and reaches the blood-testes barrier.
  3. Outside the barrier, blood form the first version of germ cells
  4. Germ cells traverse the blood-testes barrier and become primary spermatocytes (46 Chromosomes).
  5. Primary cells divided into 2 x Secondary Spermatocytes of 23 Chromosomes each.
  6. Secondary Spermatocytes change to Spermatid cells, which finally becomes Sperms.
  7. When a sperm reaches the egg and it causes pregnancy.
  8. If all was successful, it develops a new born child: Son or Daughter.
Now, let’s read what ALLAH says:

وحلائل ابنائكم الذين من اصلابكم وان تجمعوا بين الاختين الا ما قد سلف ان الله كان غفورا رحيما

And the wives of your sons who (spring) from your own loins (Asllabekum). And (it is forbidden unto you) that ye should have two sisters together, except what hath already happened (of that nature) in the past. Lo! Allah is ever Forgiving, Merciful. [4:23]

Asllabekum is the plural of Suleb, which means everything hard and firm, and in Human body, it’s only mean: the most obvious thing are the bones.

So, ALLAH by his knowledge, the whole process will start from bones to testes, then passes through blood-testes barrier, changing into sperms, then pregnancy then child, he mentions it shortly as “your sons from your bones”.

The whole process is showed in the following images [19] [20]:


10-    Multiple value of same attribute in DNA

[Science]

Quoted from: Meisosis

The chromosomes in each sperm or egg are a random mix from the maternal set and paternal set of the original cell. Because each of the 23 pairs of chromosomes can line up in two different ways one person can produce more than 8 million (223) different kinds of eggs or sperm.  When fertilization occurs, 223 x 223  or 70 trillion different zygotes are possible!

For the genealogist, this means that any one of his or her chromosomes could have come from any one of eight great-grandparents or, going back say twenty generations, from any one of over a million potential ancestors (in reality, many of these potential ancestors may be the same individuals as lines cross and intermarry over generations.)  In the same light, after so many generations of shuffling and dividing, contributions from some ancestors may have been lost completely. With only one exception, it is impossible to trace the path of individual chromosomes in the nucleus from generation to generation. [21]


[Hadith]

Let’s read the following Hadith:

يا رسول الله ! إن امرأتي ولدت غلاما أسود . وإني أنكرته . فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " هل لك من إبل ؟ " قال : نعم . قال " ما ألوانها ؟ قال حمر . قال " فهل فيها من أورق ؟ " قال : نعم . قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم " فأنى هو ؟ " قال : لعله ، يا رسول الله ! يكون نزعه عرق له . فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم " وهذا لعله يكون نزعه عرق له " . الراوي: أبو هريرة المحدث: مسلم - المصدر: صحيح مسلم - الصفحة أو الرقم: 1500 خلاصة حكم المحدث: صحيح

[[From Bukhari]] 7.225: Narrated Abu Huraira: A man came to the Prophet and said, "O Allah's Apostle! A black child has been born for me." The Prophet asked him, "Have you got camels?" The man said, "Yes." The Prophet asked him, "What color are they?" The man replied, "Red." The Prophet said, "Is there a grey one among them?' The man replied, "Yes." The Prophet said, "Whence comes that?" He said, "May be it is because of heredity." The Prophet said, "May be your latest son has this color because of heredity."

In very simple way, prophet Muhammad (PBUH) explained to the man that his son may take his attributes from his ascendants that they may be far from the next parents, and when the man search and asked his elder family members, he discovered that one of his grand Grandfathers from his mother side was a black man, and because of that his son came black.
This Hadith proves that scientific facts that Chromosomes doesn’t carry one value of one attribute, but even more, but it’s by ALLAH selection he took a value for the coming child and give the other to his brothers or sisters or even for future generations which didn’t come yet.


11-    Male & Female Chromosomes

[Science]

Quoted from: Q- Explain the difference between male and female sex chromosome?

A- There is not a big difference between male and Female chromosomes: both have 46 chromosomes as 23 pairs and 22 of 23 are just alike in both but 23rd pair is different, in this pair one is again same called X-chromosome but other is different in male it is Y and in females X.

Note: this rule is not for all organisms but human beings follow this rule, in some animals the male has both X-chromosomes but female has one X & other Y like birds, in some animals male lacks 1 chromosome, mean 1 chromosome less as compared to female like MOTH
Source: (genetics by Hickman) [22]

Quoted from: The X Factor: Why Women May Be Healthier Than Men

Is it all about the X? "I would not say that all is in the 'X,' but as a geneticist I would say that a lot is in the genes," Pinheiro says. "At the end of the day we are a product of our genome, and in many cases we cannot escape detrimental mutations which cause certain diseases, even if we have a healthy lifestyle.

"We can shape their consequences, and we can postpone or dribble the symptoms," she says in an email. "It is still important to maintain a healthy lifestyle. We don't want to accelerate the process or end up with diseases for which we were not even predisposed to in the first place."

"Women do live longer and may have fewer problems with certain infections diseases than men," says David Pisetsky, MD, chief of rheumatology at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, N.C.

Some of the why may lie in the Y (chromosome), he says. "Women have two X and men only wind up with one," he says. The genetic makeup of women is different from men because they have a backup X chromosome. "Maybe males get in trouble because they just have one X and no backup."

One theory is that some genes on the X chromosome may be silenced or inactivated. This leaves men at a disadvantage because they only have one X. Pisetsky says that the extra X may be a buffer from what is defective or silenced on a single X chromosome. [23]


[Quran]

We understand from above that Men and Women have 45 Chromosomes (22 pair + 1 X) in Common, but Women have 1 X–chromosome as backup, but men has 1-Y chromosome as additional one above the chromosomes that women.

This fact is referred to in one of the verses that Men has only one degree or step over the woman, ALLAH says:
ولهن مثل الذي عليهن بالمعروف وللرجال عليهن درجة والله عزيز حكيم

And they (women) have rights (over their husbands as regards living expenses) similar (to those of their husbands) over them (as regards obedience and respect) to what is reasonable, but men have a degree (step) over them. And Allâh is All-Mighty, All-Wise. (2:228)

Some may say it’s a coincidence, but after knowing that in other species that number of chromosomes are sometimes equal like in birds, and sometimes male have less chromosomes than female, but for human the difference is only one, and this what ALLAH mentioned above.


12-    Y-Chromosome Marker

[Science]

Quoted from: The Y chromosome as a marker for the history and structure of human populations.

The human Y chromosome determines maleness by causing the development of the testis. It is an unusual segment of the human genome since, apart from two small regions in which pairing and exchange take place with the X chromosome, it is male-specific and haploid, and escapes from recombination. These unique properties of the Y have important consequences for its mutation processes, its genes, and its population genetics: Y chromosomes pass down from father to son largely unchanged, except by the gradual accumulation of mutations.[24]



Female inheritance

In sexual reproduction, mitochondria are normally inherited exclusively from the mother. The mitochondria in mammalian sperm are usually destroyed by the egg cell after fertilization. Also, most mitochondria are present at the base of the sperm's tail, which is used for propelling the sperm cells. Sometimes the tail is lost during fertilization. In 1999 it was reported that paternal sperm mitochondria (containing mtDNA) are marked with ubiquitin to select them for later destruction inside the embryo. Some in vitro fertilization techniques, particularly injecting a sperm into an oocyte, may interfere with this.

The fact that mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited enables researchers to trace maternal lineage far back in time. (Y-chromosomal DNA, paternally inherited, is used in an analogous way to trace the agnate lineage.) [25]

Y-Maker and mtDNA transfer shown in next image [26].


[Quran]

As explained above the Y-Chromosomes acts a marker and pass through the male descendants only, while Mitochondrial DNA passes from daughters to their daughters.

The following verse refer to that by separating the relatives between those who came through sons calling “Nasaban” kindred by blood, and those came through marrying the daughters, what is called “Sehran” or kindred by marriage (of daughters).

وهو الذي خلق من الماء بشرا فجعله نسبا وصهرا وكان ربك قديرا

And it is He Who has created man from water, and has appointed for him kindred by blood, and kindred by marriage. And your Lord is Ever All-Powerful to do what He wills. (25:54)

And we know now that what is inherited through sons only is the Y-Chromosome marker, and what inherited through daughters only is the mtDNA.


13-    Boy or Girl, how it’s decided?

[Science]
Quoted from: Your baby is what you eat

If you want a boy:

Y chromosome sperm requires a PH balance that is more alkali than acidic. This means that you may need to adjust your diet a little. Foods that are rich in potassium and sodium are ideal if you are trying to have a boy.
  • Eat red meat and bananas, also peaches are recommended.
  • Eat salty snacks such as: crackers and chips (but do not over do the salt).
  • Nuts, hazelnuts, pecans and almonds are high in Potassium.
  • Dads should drink plenty of sodas, preferably cola drinks.

If you want a girl:

In order to have the right PH balance in your body to ensure that the X chromosome sperm can reach the egg successfully, you need to give them an environment that is acidic, focus on foods that are high in calcium and magnesium.
  • Eat lots of fresh fish, fruit and vegetables.
  • Green vegetables such as spinach and broccoli are good sources of magnesium.
  • Dairy products, milk, yogurt and cheese are calcium rich.
  • Eat Pumkin seeds, Sunflower seeds and Sesame seeds. [27]

[Hadith]

Let’s read the following Hadith, when group of Jews came to prophet Muhammad and tried to test him to see if he is really a prophet of God, they asked how the woman will deliver a male or female:

أقبلت يهود إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالوا يا أبا القاسم نسألك عن أشياء إن أجبتنا فيها اتبعناك وصدقناك وآمنا بك قال فأخذ عليهم ما أخذ إسرائيل على نفسه قالوا الله على ما نقول وكيل قالوا أخبرنا عن علامة النبي قال تنام عيناه ولا ينام قلبه قالوا فأخبرنا كيف تؤنث المرأة وكيف تذكر قال يلتقي الماءان فإن علا ماء المرأة ماء الرجل أنثت وإن علا ماء الرجل ماء المرأة أذكرت. الراوي: عبدالله بن عباس المحدث: الألباني - المصدر: السلسلة الصحيحة - الصفحة أو الرقم: 4/191خلاصة حكم المحدث: صحيح

He (the jew) said: I have come to ask you about a thing which no one amongst the people on the earth knows except an apostle or one or two men besides him. He (the Holy prophet) said: Would it benefit you if I tell you that? He (the jew) said: I would lend ears to that. He then said: I have come to ask you about the child. He (the Holy prophet) said: The reproductive substance of man is white and that of woman yellow, and when they have sexual intercourse and the male's substance prevails upon the female's substance, it is the male child that is created by Allah's Decree, and when the substance of the female prevails upon the substance contributed by the male, a female child is formed by the Decree of Allah. The jew said: What you have said is true; verily you are an Apostle. He then returned and went away. The Messenger of Allah (may peace be upon him) said: He asked me about such and such things of which I have had no knowledge till Allah gave me that.  (Sahih Muslim, Book #003, Hadith #0614)

Clearly, prophet Muhammad answered them with the same scientific fact above, that man substance which is the Sperm is white and alkaline, and Woman acidic water which is yellow, if Man’s water came over woman’s water, means becomes alkaline, then male sperm will reach the egg and boy will be carried, but if woman’s water the acidic one, over comes that man’s water which is alkaline, then all becomes acidic and female sperm will reach the egg and a girl will be carried. 

Praise All to ALLAH, and I certainly justify that there is no God except “ALLAH” and “Muhammad” (PPBUH) is his Apostle.

Wish the reader too.


14-    Families of all Sons and all daughters

Quoted from: Boy Or Girl? It's In The Father's Genes

The work by Corry Gellatly, a research scientist at the university, has shown that men inherit a tendency to have more sons or more daughters from their parents. This means that a man with many brothers is more likely to have sons, while a man with many sisters is more likely to have daughters.

The research involved a study of 927 family trees containing information on 556,387 people from North America and Europe going back to 1600.

"The family tree study showed that whether you’re likely to have a boy or a girl is inherited. We now know that men are more likely to have sons if they have more brothers but are more likely to have daughters if they have more sisters. However, in women, you just can’t predict it," Mr Gellatly explains.

Sons or daughters?

A gene consists of two parts, known as alleles, one inherited from each parent. In his paper, Mr Gellatly demonstrates that it is likely men carry two different types of allele, which results in three possible combinations in a gene that controls the ratio of X and Y sperm;
  • Men with the first combination, known as mm, produce more Y sperm and have more sons.
  • The second, known as mf, produce a roughly equal number of X and Y sperm and have an approximately equal number of sons and daughters.
  • The third, known as ff, produce more X sperm and have more daughters. [28]

[Quran]

This newly discovered Alleles gene which decide the gender of children is described exactly in the following verse:

لِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ يَهَبُ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ إِنَاثًا وَيَهَبُ لِمَن يَشَاءُ الذُّكُورَ (49) أَوْ يُزَوِّجُهُمْ ذُكْرَانًا وَإِنَاثًا وَيَجْعَلُ مَن يَشَاءُ عَقِيمًا إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ قَدِيرٌ (50)

To Allah belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. He creates what He wills. He grants females to whom He wills, and grants males to whom He wills. (49) Or He combines for them couples, both males and females, and makes whom He wills barren. Surely, He is All-Knowing, Very-Powerful. (42:50)

The verse clearly mentions the 3 options described above: whether to make them all boys or all girls or pairs (boys & girls), surely ALLAH, He is the All-knowing and the Very-Powerful.


Thanks to ALLAH, Lord of the Worlds.

References

[1] Wikipedia, Adrenal gland, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland

[2] About.com, Adrenal Fatigue / Adrenal Exhaustion, http://thyroid.about.com/cs/endocrinology/a/adrenalfatigue.htm



[5] In-Gender, Conception Education, http://www.in-gender.com/XYU/Conception/







[12] The immunoglobin superfamily protein Izumo is required for sperm to fuse with eggs, http://www.bio.davidson.edu/Courses/Molbio/MolStudents/spring2005/Dresser/review%20paper.htm


[14] The Funny box, The Incredible microscopic world, http://thefunnyinbox.com/toprted/the-incredible-microscopic-world/ 

[15] Molecular Expressions, Chromatin and Chromosomes, http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/nucleus/chromatin.html

[16] In-Gender, Conception Education, http://www.in-gender.com/XYU/Conception/Conception2.aspx



[19] Endocrine Reviews, Sertoli-Sertoli and Sertoli-Germ Cell Interactions and Their Significance in Germ Cell Movement in the Seminiferous Epithelium during Spermatogenesis http://edrv.endojournals.org/content/25/5/747.full

[20] TeleAnatomy, Male Gametes, http://teleanatomy.com/nutfah-MaleGametes.html


[22] Yahoo answers, Explain the difference between male and female sex chromosomes? http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20061115181716AAADoh2

[23] Medicine Net.com, The X Factor: Why Women May Be Healthier Than Men http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=149967

[24] The Y chromosome as a marker for the history and structure of human populations, http://www.le.ac.uk/ge/maj4/project.html

3 comments:

  1. Till the last min. I think early pregnancy is pregnancy at therir young age. Now i cleraly know about what is early preganancy? thanks...

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